The trends reported in the Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) show a growing food security crisis in South Sudan, with a high proportion of people sliding into crisis andemergency food insecurity level. The underlying fears concern an emerging acute lack of food in almost all parts of the country, with millions of people, many of them rural women and children, affected. At the peak of the lean season in August to September 2016, Northern Bahr el Ghazal had 72% of its population facing crisis and emergency level. It should also be noted that
Northern Bahr el Ghazal’s food security indicators continue to be alarming with 62% of the population being severely food insecure (phase 3,4,5) by the peak of the lean season (July). In January 2017, the Sudd Institute, with generous support from Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, explored the proximal risk factors undermining food security resilience and triggering or perpetuating emergency level vulnerabilities in the former states of Warrap and Northern Bahr el Ghazal. Examining 6 major assumptions using Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) tools to draw important information from rural households, the results are instructive and in direction of our expectation. They provide insights intoappropriate response options for combating food security vulnerability in the region that is nearly sliding into famine.