The explosion in data availability, new analytical tools, and increasing humanitarian need and the imperative of anticipatory action compels us to rethink humanitarian information systems and humanitarian action for the future. Drawing on interviews with humanitarian practitioners, donors, analysts, and researchers and analyses of Early Warning (EW) and information systems and their linkages to Anticipatory Action (AA), we analyze six information challenges within the current system. We then propose an approach to improve the timeliness and appropriateness of action for humanitarian crises and disasters. Rather than ask, “What can we do with the information (EW and otherwise) that we have to inform action?” we propose that the question should be “What information do we need for anticipatory (and other) action?” In other words, we propose planning from known and likely hazards and actions back to information needs. Such an approach should help to mitigate shocks before they cause major humanitarian crises. While not all crises can be prevented, this approach could also support responsive action, which is equally important to protect human life and dignity.

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